知乎精选：学外语最好用的要领

　　What are the best ways to learn foreign languages?

　　学外语最好的办法是什么?

　　取得803.8k好评的答复@Gruff Davies:

　　In fact, theres not one trick but a whole suite of tricks to help you learn a language. Ill use French as an example, but this advice applies to any language.

　　其实有助于你学习言语的办法不止一种，而是一整套办法。我以法语为例，但这条建议适用于任何言语。

　　1. Understand the Language Learning Journey

　　1.了解学习言语的进程

　　People largely give up because they had the wrong expectations set. So lets bust some myths:

　　很多人保持是由于他们有错误的等待，我们来揭秘：

　　1) Learning a language isnt hard. Its just LONG.

　　1)学言语并不难，只是工夫长。

　　2) Everyone is naturally good at languages. You already learned one, remember? Youve just forgotten how long it took.

　　2)每团体都天生擅长学习言语。你还记得吗，本人曾经学会一门言语了，你只是忘了花多长工夫学会母语的了。

　　Im going to use a metaphor that I hope will help you get the knack. I think of learning a language a bit like climbing a mountain (a large but easy mountain, the sort that anyone can climb so long as they keep going).

　　我要用一种比喻，希望能帮你掌握外语学习办法。我以为学习言语有点儿像爬山(很高但好爬的山，是那种只需坚持任何人都能登顶的山)。

　　2. Intensity is vital to learning a language quickly.

　　2.疾速学成言语强度很关键。

　　To use my mountain metaphor, the ground is icy and slippery and the faster you can climb, the less you will slip back.

　　用我的登山比喻阐明一下，空中上结了冰，很滑，你爬得越快，前进得越少。

　　3. Be kind to yourself

　　3.对本人好一点

　　Ive used sunlight in this mountain metaphor to give you an indication of how it feels to be at these levels.

　　我在登山比喻中用到了阳光，是想暗示你抵达这个程度觉得如何。

　　Expect a lot of fog and confusion for the first few hundred hours. EVERYONE feels this way, even the people who seem really gifted at languages. The difference is, anyone whos already been through that and reached the sunlight expects this stage, and it doesnt faze them because they know theyll get there eventually.

　　你要意料到前几百小时会充溢迷雾和困惑，每团体都是这种觉得，即便真的很有言语天赋的人也是如此。区别在于任何曾经穿过了这一阶段抵达阳光地带的人不断等待着这一阶段，他们没有被吓倒由于他们晓得本人终会成功。

　　4. Prepare for the journey

　　4.为这一旅程做好预备

　　If youre a complete beginner I find its really important to absorb the sounds of the language before beginning serious study.

　　假如你一点根底都没有，我发现真正学习之前先接触这种言语的声响真的很重要。

　　5. Practise looking stupid

　　5.练习看起来很傻

　　You will speak and not be understood and you will listen and not understand. Its really okay and in fact necessary to learning. Feeling stupid is actually a sign of progress.

　　你说话他人听不懂，他人说话你又听不懂，这都没关系，其实是学习的必经阶段。觉得本人很笨其实是提高的标志。

　　6. Find out where you are (and therefore what the next stage is)

　　6.晓得本人是什么程度(就能晓得下一步怎样做)

　　7. Set goals

　　7.设定目的

　　I highly recommend setting short term and longer terms goals. Short term goals can be as simple as how many hours of study you will do each week. Set longer terms goals like passing a specific CEFR level.

　　我激烈建议设定短期目的和临时目的。短期目的可以复杂到每周学习几小时，设定临时目的，比方经过CEFR(欧洲言语共同框架)规范。

　　8. Repetition, Repetition, Repetition

　　8.反复、反复、再反复

　　Repetition is absolutely vital to learning most things but especially important when learning a language.

　　反复在学习大少数东西时都是相对重要的，学言语时尤为重要。

　　9. Recall is more important than revision

　　9.回想比温习更重要

　　Practising recall has proven to be 300% more effective than revising something.

　　回想练习经证明比温习效率高出300%。

　　10. Rote learn set texts in a foreign language

　　10.融会贯通外语文本

　　This is my number one trick and Ive found this to be singularly the most effective method in acquiring a language rapidly.