同学们，今天继续我们的外刊精读，还未学习昨日文章的同学可以戳这里呦：英语干货｜外刊精读：工作技能培训和受教育是一回事吗 （一）

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原文解析

第二段

①For many worthy reasons advocates have pushed hard for more students to enter science, technology, engineering, and mathematics—or STEM—fields. ②These skills are in ever-increasing demand by employers. ③Many students are under the pressure of making a hard financial calculation: Will the job I enter out of college pay enough to offset the student loan debts I’ll pile up? ④When choosing a major, practicality may win out over passion.

出于许多价值上的原因，倡导者们一直努力敦劝更多学生进入科学、技术、工程和数学领域，合称STEM。雇主对这些领域技能的需求也在持续增长。许多学生都面临着艰难的经济账的压力：大学毕业后的工作薪资够抵消高筑的助学贷款债务吗？选择专业时，对实用性的考虑可能胜过兴趣。

词汇学习

advocate [??dv?ke?t] n. 倡导者

也常用作动词，意思是“提倡；支持”。

ever-increasing [?ev?r in&39;kri:si?] adj. 不断增长的

合成词：由ever（一直，总是）+increasing（渐增的）构成。

offset [???fset] v. 抵消，偿付

合成词：off（偏离）+set（固定的）→偏离固定→再平衡→抵消；偿付。

practicality [?pr?kt??k?l?ti] n. 实用性，适用性

由practic（实践）+-al（形容词后缀）+-ity（名词后缀）构成。

passion [?p??n] n. 强烈爱好，酷爱

此处，引申为汉语惯用表达“兴趣”。

debt [det] n. 债务

此外，有“负债情况”的意思，如in debt，意思是“负债”；还有“情义，恩情”的意思，如be in sb’s debt，意思是“受某人的恩惠；感激某人”。

major [?me?d??r] n. 专业

此外，还有“主修生”的意思。常见用法是作为形容词，意思是“主要的；重要的；大的”。

worthy [?w??rei] adj. 有价值的

worthy还可构成合成词，-worthy表示“值得……的”如trustworthy，意思为“值得信任的”。

push [p??] v. 敦劝

常见意思是“推”，与pull（拉）相对应。此处，是“敦劝，说服”的意思。此外，还有“鞭策”的意思，push sb/oneself，表示“鞭策某人”。

mathematics [?m?θ??m?t?ks] n. 数学

简写为maths。

常用搭配

under the pressure of 在……的压力下

enough to 足以，足够做

（2015英一Text1）While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.（尽管欧洲君主们毫无疑问将足够明智，仍能留存一时，但看到西班牙国王的结局，最担惊受怕的还是英国王室。）

student loan 助学贷款

pile up 堆积起来

win out over 胜过/超过……

长难句分析

Many students are under the pressure //of making a hard financial calculation: Will the job //I enter //out of college //pay enough to offset the student loan debts //I’ll pile up?

【主干】①Many students are under the pressure。②Will the job pay enough to offset the student loan debts。其中，enough to的意思是“足以”。

【修饰成分】of making a hard financial calculation作定语，修饰pressure。I enter是省略掉that的定语从句，修饰job。out of college是时间状语。I’ll pile up为定语从句，修饰debts。

原文解析

第三段

①Less well known, however, is that liberal arts majors aren’t suffering on payday nearly as much as many might assume. ②STEM grads race ahead on salaries with diploma in hand, but by age 40 those with humanities degrees have caught up, according to two researchers at Harvard University.

词汇学习

suffer [?s?f?r] v. 受苦，受折磨

payday [?pe?de?] n. 发薪日

由pay（付酬）+day（日）构成。

assume [??su?m] v. 设想

grad [ɡr?d] n. 毕业生

同graduate，常用于口语。

salary [?s?l?ri] n. 薪水

近义词有：wage、payment。

diploma [d??plo?m?] n. 毕业文凭

humanity [hju??m?n?ti] n. 人文学科

当humanity意为“人文学科”时，常以the humanities出现。通常包括文学、语言学、历史、哲学等，与science相对应。

degree [d??ɡri?] n. 学位

常见意思为“度数；程度”。

常用搭配

not nearly 远非

【真题】（2019英一Text3）AI “vision” today is not nearly as sophisticated as that of humans.（现今人工智能的“眼力”远不如人类的复杂。）

race ahead 领先

直译为“跑在前面”，即“领先”的意思。

in hand 到手，在手头

catch up 赶上

【真题】（2016英二Text1）Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon’s School of Computer Science.（卡内基梅隆大学计算机科学学院的副院长汤姆·科提纳讲到，没有计算机课程经验的学生可以在几门入门课程后赶上。）

长难句分析

Less well known, however, is that //liberal arts majors aren’t suffering //on payday //nearly as much as //many might assume.

【主干】Less well known is that+主语从句。本句是倒装句。

【修饰成分】liberal arts ... assume是主语从句。nearly as much as many might assume是状语，其中many might assume是宾语从句。

课后小测

请根据中文含义，在空白处填入今日学过的短语：

（2012英二Text4）The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist at Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times

（哥伦比亚大学经济学家 冯·瓦赫特的研究表明，并不是所有陷入衰退的人都看到他们的生活机会模糊：那些拥有精英大学学位的人 如果他们在更好的时代毕业，他们很快就会赶上他们本来会达到的地方。）

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上期答案：in general